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      <title>Cybersecurity</title>
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      <copyright>Copyright 2009</copyright>
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         <title>Readings</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<h2>Sep 2. Week One - Introduction</h2>

<h2>Sep 9. Week Two - Basic Issues in Cybersecurity</h2>

<p>Whitfield Diffie and Susan Landau (2007), &#8220;Chapter Four: National Security,&#8221; <em>Privacy on the Line: The Politics of Wiretapping and Encryption</em> Second edition, The MIT Press. Available at <a href="http://site.ebrary.com/lib/gwu/docDetail.action?docID=10185594">http://site.ebrary.com/lib/gwu/docDetail.action?docID=10185594</a></p>

<p>Alvaro Cardenas, Tanya Roosta, Gelareh Taban and Shankar Sastry, &#8220;Cyber Security: Basic Defenses and Attack Trends,&#8221; available at <a href="http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cardenas/Papers/Chap4v2.pdf">http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cardenas/Papers/Chap4v2.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Lene Hansen and Helen Nissenbaum, &#8220;Digital Disaster, Cyber Security and the Copenhagen School,&#8221; forthcoming, <em>International Studies Quarterly.</em> Available on Blackboard.</p>

<h2>Sep 16. Week Three - National Security meets Electronic Privacy - the Cryptography Debate</h2>

<p>Whitfield Diffie and Susan Landau. 2007.  &#8220;Chapter Nine: Cryptography in the 1990s,&#8221; and &#8220;Chapter Ten: And Then It All Changed,&#8221; <em>Privacy on the Line: The Politics of Wiretapping and Encryption</em> Second edition, The MIT Press.</p>

<p>Flamm, Kenneth. 1997. <em>Deciphering the Cryptography Debate - Brookings Institution Policy Brief.</em> Available at: <a href="http://www.brookings.edu/papers/1997/07technology_flamm.aspx">http://www.brookings.edu/papers/1997/07technology_flamm.aspx</a>.</p>

<p>ACLU. 1998. <em>Big Brother in the Wires: Wiretapping in the Digital Age</em>. Available at: <a href="http://www.aclu.org/privacy/spying/15440pub19980301.html">http://www.aclu.org/privacy/spying/15440pub19980301.html</a>.</p>

<p>Various authors, <em>Crypto Policy Perspectives</em>, Communications of the ACM 37(8) 115-121. On Blackboard.</p>

<h2>Sep 23. Week Four - Cyberspace as an Open Network</h2>

<p>Lessig, Larry. 2000. “Architecting for Control.” Available at: <a href="http://www.lessig.org/content/articles/works/camkey.pdf">http://www.lessig.org/content/articles/works/camkey.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Johnson, David R., and David Post. 1995. “Law and Borders&#8212;The Rise of Law in Cyberspace.” Stan. L. Rev. 48: 1367. Available at: <a href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=535#_">http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=535#</a>.</p>

<p>Goldsmith, Jack L. 1998. “Against Cyberanarchy.” U. Chi. L. Rev. 65: 1199. Available at <a href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/property00/jurisdiction/cyberanarchy.html">http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/property00/jurisdiction/cyberanarchy.html</a>.</p>

<p>Farrell, Henry. 2006. “Regulating Information Flows: States, Private Actors and E-Commerce,” <em>Annual Review of Political Science</em> 6:353-374. Available at: <a href="http://www.henryfarrell.net/annreview.pdf">http://www.henryfarrell.net/annreview.pdf</a>.</p>

<h2>Sep 30. Week Five - The Changing Nature of Cyberspace - Is Openness Still a Good Thing?</h2>

<p>Zittrain, Jonathan. 2008. &#8220;Chapter Four: Cybersecurity and the Generative Dilemma,&#8221; <em>The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It.</em> Yale University Press. Available at <a href="http://yupnet.org/zittrain/archives/11">http://yupnet.org/zittrain/archives/11</a>.</p>

<p>Deibert, Ronald. 2008. &#8220;Chapter 6: Good for Liberty, Bad for Security? Global Civil Society and the Securitization of the Internet,&#8221; Ronald Deibert, John Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski and Jonathan Zittrain eds., <em>Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering</em> (The MIT Press). Available at <a href="http://opennet.net/sites/opennet.net/files/Deibert_07_Ch06_123-150.pdf">http://opennet.net/sites/opennet.net/files/Deibert<em>07</em>Ch06_123-150.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Biddle, Peter, Paul England, Marcus Peinado and Bryan Willman. 2002. <em>The Darknet and the Future of Content Distribution</em>. Available at <a href="http://www.bearcave.com/misl/misl_tech/msdrm/darknet.htm">http://www.bearcave.com/misl/misl_tech/msdrm/darknet.htm</a>.</p>

<p>Denning, Dorothy. 2009. “Terror&#8217;s Web: How the Internet is Transforming Terrorism.” In <em>Handbook on Internet Crime</em>, eds. Y Jewkes and M. Yar. Williams Publishing. Available at: <a href="http://faculty.nps.edu/dedennin/publications/Denning-TerrorsWeb.pdf">http://faculty.nps.edu/dedennin/publications/Denning-TerrorsWeb.pdf</a>.</p>

<h2>Oct 7. Week Six - Defensive Cybersecurity - Defending Against Incursions</h2>

<p>Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond. 2007. <em>Zombies and Botnets.</em> Available on Blackboard.</p>

<p>Congressional Research Service. 2008. <em>Botnets, Cybercrime and Cyberterrorism: Vulnerabilities and Issues for Congress</em>. Available at <a href="http://fas.org/sgp/crs/terror/RL32114.pdf">http://fas.org/sgp/crs/terror/RL32114.pdf</a></p>

<p>Evgeny Morozov. 2009. &#8220;Cyberscare,&#8221; <em>The Boston Review</em> July/August 2009. Available at <a href="http://www.bostonreview.net/BR34.4/morozov.php">http://www.bostonreview.net/BR34.4/morozov.php</a>.</p>

<p>Gadi Evron. 2008. &#8220;Battling Botnets and Online Mobs: Estonia’s Defense Efforts during the Internet War.&#8221; *Georgetown Journal of International Affairs. Available at <a href="http://ciaonet.org/journals/gjia/v9i1/0000699.pdf">http://ciaonet.org/journals/gjia/v9i1/0000699.pdf</a> (requires on-campus computer or GWID remote log-in).</p>

<h2>Oct 14. Week Seven - Offensive Cybersecurity - Is There A Case for It?</h2>

<p>Denning, Dorothy. 2007. <em>The Ethics of Cyber Conflict</em>. Available at: <a href="http://faculty.nps.edu/dedennin/publications/Ethics%20of%20Cyber%20Conflict.pdf">http://faculty.nps.edu/dedennin/publications/Ethics%20of%20Cyber%20Conflict.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Sebastian Convertino, Lou Anne DeMattei and Tammy Knierim. 2008. <em>Flying and Fighting in Cyberspace.</em> Available at <a href="http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/maxwell/mp40.pdf">http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/maxwell/mp40.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>William Owens, Kenneth Dam and Herbert Lin, eds. 2009. <em>Technology, Policy, Law and Ethics Regarding U.S. Acqquisition and Use of Cyber Attack Capabilities</em> Read pp. 1-1 to 1-57, 9-1 to 9-13 and 10-1 to 10-13. Available at <a href="https://3900171572419920195-a-cyberconflict-org-s-sites.googlegroups.com/a/cyberconflict.org/operational-cyber-study/notes-from-our-11-august-2009-session/1Finalreport-Cyberattack.pdf">https://3900171572419920195-a-cyberconflict-org-s-sites.googlegroups.com/a/cyberconflict.org/operational-cyber-study/notes-from-our-11-august-2009-session/1Finalreport-Cyberattack.pdf</a>.</p>

<h2>Oct 21. Week Eight - If the Government Knew What the Government Knows - Managing Security Relevant Electronic Information</h2>

<p>The 9-11 Commission. &#8220;Chapter 13: How To Do It? A Different Way of Organizing the Government,&#8221; The 9-11 Commission Report, available <a href="http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch13.pdf">http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch13.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>James Steinberg, Andrew Eggers and Mary Graham. 2003. <em>Building Intelligence to Fight Terrorism.</em> The Brookings Institution. Available at <a href="http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2003/09intelligence_steinberg.aspx">http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2003/09intelligence_steinberg.aspx</a>.</p>

<p>Markle Foundation Task Force. 2009. <em>Nation At Risk,</em> Markle Foundation. Available at <a href="http://www.markle.org/downloadable_assets/20090304_mtf_report.pdf">http://www.markle.org/downloadable<em>assets/20090304</em>mtf_report.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Subcommittee on Intelligence, Information Sharing and Terrorism Risk Assessment. 2006. Hearing on Building the Information Sharing Environment. <a href="http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/2006_hr/ise.pdf">http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/2006_hr/ise.pdf</a>.</p>

<h2>Oct 28. Week Nine - Remaking Security-Oriented Policy Structures - Lessons From the Intelligence Community</h2>

<p>Rob Johnston. 2005. <em>Analytic Culture in the US Intelligence Community.</em> Chapters Two, Five, Nine. Available at <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/analytic-culture-in-the-u-s-intelligence-community/analytic_culture_report.pdf">https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/analytic-culture-in-the-u-s-intelligence-community/analytic<em>culture</em>report.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Office of the Director of National Intelligence. 2007. <em>Transcripts from the 2007 Analytic Transformation Symposium.</em> Available at <a href="http://www.dni.gov/speeches/20070905_speech.pdf">http://www.dni.gov/speeches/20070905_speech.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Clive Thompson. 2006. &#8220;Open Source Spying,&#8221; <em>New York Times</em> December 3 2006. Available at <a href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9406EEDD103EF930A35751C1A9609C8B63&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all">http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9406EEDD103EF930A35751C1A9609C8B63&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all</a>.</p>

<p>Joab Jackson (2009), &#8220;Intellipedia Suffers Midlife Crisis,&#8221; _Government Computer News. 2009. Available at <a href="http://www.gcn.com/Articles/2009/02/18/Intellipedia.aspx">http://www.gcn.com/Articles/2009/02/18/Intellipedia.aspx</a>.</p>

<p>Douglas Hart and Steven Simon. 2006. &#8220;Thinking Straight and Talking Straight: Problems of Intelligence Analysis,&#8221; <em>Survival</em> 48(1):35-60. Available at <a href="http://cyberneutics.com/publications/SurvivalFeb06.pdf">http://cyberneutics.com/publications/SurvivalFeb06.pdf</a>.</p>

<h2>Nov. 4. Week Ten - Creating New Structures for Cybersecurity in the Federal Government - The Current State of Play</h2>

<p>Whitfield Diffie and Susan Landau (2007),  &#8220;Chapter Eleven: Apres le Deluge&#8221; <em>Privacy on the Line: The Politics of Wiretapping and Encryption</em> Second edition, The MIT Press.</p>

<p>CSIS Commission on CyberSecurity for the 44th Presidency. 2008. “Securing Cyberspace for the 44th Presidency.” Available at: <a href="http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/081208_securingcyberspace_44.pdf">http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/081208<em>securingcyberspace</em>44.pdf</a> </p>

<p>Congressional Research Service. 2009. <em>Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative: Legal Authority and Policy Considerations.</em> Available at <a href="http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40427_20090310.pdf">http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/R40427_20090310.pdf</a>. </p>

<p>William Owens, Kenneth Dam and Herbert Lin, eds. 2009. <em>Technology, Policy, Law and Ethics Regarding U.S. Acqquisition and Use of Cyber Attack Capabilities</em> Read pp. 6-1 to 6-19. Available at <a href="https://3900171572419920195-a-cyberconflict-org-s-sites.googlegroups.com/a/cyberconflict.org/operational-cyber-study/notes-from-our-11-august-2009-session/1Finalreport-Cyberattack.pdf">https://3900171572419920195-a-cyberconflict-org-s-sites.googlegroups.com/a/cyberconflict.org/operational-cyber-study/notes-from-our-11-august-2009-session/1Finalreport-Cyberattack.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Senate Armed Services Committee. 2009. <em>Report 110-335 on National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009.</em> Extract at <a href="http://www.fas.org/sgp/congress/2008/sasc-cyber.html">http://www.fas.org/sgp/congress/2008/sasc-cyber.html</a>. </p>

<h2>Nov. 11. Week Eleven - Using Information Technology to Fight Terrorism I - Data Mining and Information Gathering</h2>

<p>Mary DeRosa. 2004. <em>Data Mining and Analysis for Counter Terrorism.</em> Center for Strategic and International Studies. Available at <a href="http://www.cdt.org/security/usapatriot/20040300csis.pdf">http://www.cdt.org/security/usapatriot/20040300csis.pdf</a>. </p>

<p>Jeff Jonas and Jim Harper. 2006. <em>Effective Counterterrorism and the Limited Role of Predictive Data.</em> CATO Policy Analysis. Available at <a href="http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa584.pdf">http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa584.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Robert Popp and John Poindexter. 2006. &#8220;Countering Terrorism through Information and Privacy Protection Technologies.&#8221; <em>IEEE Security and Privacy</em>. Available on Blackboard.</p>

<p>National Research Council. 2008. <em>Protecting Individual Privacy in the Struggle Against Terrorists:
A Framework for Program Assessment.</em> Read Chapter Three. Available at <a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12452#toc">http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12452#toc</a></p>

<p>Bohannon, John. 2009. &#8220;Counterterrorism&#8217;s New Tool: &#8216;Metanetwork&#8217; Analysis.&#8221; <em>Science</em> 325, July 24 2009. On Blackboard.</p>

<h2>Nov 18. Week Twelve - Using Information Technology to Fight Terrorism II - Challenges for Public Diplomacy</h2>

<p>Kimmage, Dan. 2008. <em>The Al Qaeda Media Nexus.</em> Available at <a href="http://docs.rferl.org/en-US/AQ_Media_Nexus.pdf">http://docs.rferl.org/en-US/AQ<em>Media</em>Nexus.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>ICSR. 2009. Countering Online Radicalisation: A Strategy for Action. Available at <a href="http://www.thecst.org.uk/docs/countering_online_radicalisation1.pdf">http://www.thecst.org.uk/docs/countering<em>online</em>radicalisation1.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Gregory, Bruce. <em>Public Diplomacy and Counterterrorism: Lessons from the U.S. Experience.</em> Available at <a href="https://www.gwu.edu/~smpa/faculty/documents/GenevaTalk_PD_April2008.pdf">https://www.gwu.edu/~smpa/faculty/documents/GenevaTalk<em>PD</em>April2008.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Lynch, Marc. 2006. &#8220;Al Qaeda&#8217;s Media Strategies.&#8221; <em>The National Interest</em> March 2006. Available at <a href="http://ics.leeds.ac.uk/papers/vp01.cfm?outfit=pmt&amp;folder=1087&amp;paper=2662">http://ics.leeds.ac.uk/papers/vp01.cfm?outfit=pmt&amp;folder=1087&amp;paper=2662</a>.</p>

<h2>Nov. 25. Week Thirteen - The Politics of Domestic Surveillance - Do We Face a &#8216;National Surveillance State?&#8217;</h2>

<p>Klein, Mark. 2009. <em>Wiring Up the Big Brother Machine: And Fighting It.</em> Read pages 17-44. On Blackboard.</p>

<p>Swire, Peter. 2006. <em>Privacy and Information Sharing in the War on Terrorism</em>. Available at <a href="http://www.peterswire.net/privacy_and_info_sharing_final.pdf">http://www.peterswire.net/privacy<em>and</em>info<em>sharing</em>final.pdf</a>.</p>

<p>Balkin, Jack. 2008. <em>The Constitution in the National Surveillance State.</em> Available at <a href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1141524">http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1141524</a>.</p>

<p>Kerr, Orin. 2009. <em>The National Surveillance State: A Response to Balkin.</em> Available at <a href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1341389">http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1341389</a>.</p>

<p>Taipale, Kim. 2007. &#8220;Why Can&#8217;t We All Get Along? How Technology, Security and Privacy Can Co-exist in a Digital World,&#8221; in <em>Cybercrime: Digital Cops in a Networked World</em>, Yale Information Society Project series, (Jack Balkin, et al., eds., NYU Press. On Blackboard.</p>

<h2>Dec 2. Week Fourteen - Student Presentations.</h2>

<p>No assigned readings.</p>
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